Camphausen mine

Nestled in the heart of the Saarland region in Germany, the Camphausen mine, known locally as Grube Camphausen, stands as a testament to the rich industrial heritage of Quierschied. This former coal mine, once a powerhouse of the region's economy, now offers a fascinating glimpse into the past, drawing visitors eager to explore its storied history and unique architecture.

The Origins of Camphausen Mine

The journey of Camphausen mine began in 1871 with the sinking of the Fischbach shafts I and II in the Fischbach valley. During the excavation, remnants of an ancient Celtic sacrificial site were discovered, adding a layer of mystique to the location. By 1874, a third shaft was added, and the mine was christened Camphausen in honor of a visit by Otto Camphausen, the then Prussian Minister of Finance.

A Tragic Chapter

The mine's history is not without its tragedies. On March 17, 1885, a devastating explosion of firedamp and coal dust claimed the lives of 180 miners and injured 30 more. This catastrophe left a profound mark on the community, with rescue efforts documented in the diary of foreman Johannes Diancourt. His harrowing account speaks of the courage and despair experienced during the rescue operations, as well as the subsequent measures taken to prevent such disasters in the future.

Architectural Innovations

One of the mine's most significant contributions to engineering was the construction of Shaft IV in 1908. Due to space constraints, a revolutionary choice was made to build a winding tower from reinforced concrete rather than steel. Completed in 1912, this hammerhead tower was the first of its kind globally and has been recognized as a historical landmark of engineering in Germany. Standing at 40.7 meters, the tower’s robust design and the powerful AEG winding machines it houses are a marvel to behold.

The Decline and Transformation

Despite its innovations, economic shifts led to the mine's closure in 1990, marking the end of an era. The site was amalgamated with the Reden mine, forming the Reden-Camphausen consolidated mine, and the last coal was extracted in November of that year. Today, much of the area lies dormant, with parts repurposed into an industrial estate, reflecting the region's resilience and adaptability.

The Lydia Spoil Heap

Adjacent to the mine is the Lydia spoil heap, a striking feature of the landscape. Initially a conical heap, it was transformed into a plateau between 1979 and 1982. Further reshaping occurred from 2003 to 2006 to prevent landslides and extinguish internal fires. Now serving as a recreational area, the heap offers two ascents and a plateau dotted with water basins known as Himmelsspiegel, which mirror the sky’s reflection when filled with rainwater. The site is part of the Saar Regional Park project, connecting it with other spoil heaps in the region.

A Community’s Legacy

In 2009, a proposal to convert the spoil heap into a biathlon training track was thwarted by a community petition. Instead, local youths established a Way of the Cross on the heap, featuring seven stations and a summit cross crafted from mining materials. This initiative not only commemorates the mining heritage but also addresses contemporary issues, symbolizing the community’s enduring connection to its past.

Today, the Camphausen mine stands as a monument to the industrious spirit of the Saarland region. Its blend of historical significance, architectural ingenuity, and community resilience makes it a compelling destination for those eager to explore the industrial heritage of Germany. Whether you're a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply curious about the stories that shaped this region, a visit to the Camphausen mine offers a unique and enriching experience.