The Kerk Onbevlekt Hart van Maria, also known as the Wijnberg Church, is a remarkable piece of 20th-century architecture located in the picturesque town of Wevelgem, Belgium. Nestled in the Oleanderstraat within the Wijnberg district, this Roman Catholic church stands as a testament to modernist ecclesiastical design and community spirit. It is not just a place of worship but also a protected monument since 2005, showcasing its cultural and historical significance.
The origins of the Wijnberg Church are deeply rooted in the community's educational and spiritual needs. In 1936, a girls' school was established in the Wijnberg area, comprising 12 classrooms. As the community grew, so did the need for a dedicated place of worship. Initially, in 1958, a flax barn owned by Jules Heytens was rented and converted into a temporary church. This location now serves as the municipal library in Wijnbergstraat.
On September 1, 1959, Bishop Emiel-Jozef De Smedt officially founded the parish of Onbevlekt Hart van Maria. At that time, the parish served approximately 2,000 residents. The need for a permanent church building became apparent, and between 1963 and 1965, plans for the new church were meticulously crafted by Dutch Benedictine monk and architect Hans van der Laan, in collaboration with Bruges architect Jozef Lietaert.
Construction of the church commenced in March 1967, and by November 29, 1969, the church was ready for its first service. During the laying of the cornerstone, a few coins were embedded, bearing an inscription from Isaiah: Whoever relies on it will not falter.
The Kerk Onbevlekt Hart van Maria is a striking example of the Bossche School architectural style, characterized by its simplicity and geometric precision. The church is a hall church made of ochre-colored rough brick, concrete beams, dark woodwork, and clear glass windows. The flat roof features a modest bell gable, and a separate bell tower with a square base adds to the church's distinct profile.
The southern facade of the church houses the main entrance, marked by a portico with four large openings framed by pillars. A white stone statue of Mary adorns the right side of the facade, adding a touch of grace to the otherwise austere exterior.
The western side of the church is a solid wall punctuated by tall vertical windows, while the northern wall is plain and windowless. The eastern facade mirrors the western one but includes a side entrance. The bell tower, designed to be a standalone structure, contains a 1,060-kilogram bell inscribed with the words: Maria, Mother and servant of the Lord, call all people to repentance. Initially, the church was conceived without a tower, but the municipality insisted on its inclusion to make the church visible from afar.
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The interior of the Kerk Onbevlekt Hart van Maria is a study in minimalism and functionality. The design emphasizes openness and unobstructed views, with only two pillars providing support. This layout ensures that the congregation has a clear view of the altar from any point within the church.
The materials and colors used in the interior are subdued, with light gray, white-gray, and light green (carpet) dominating the palette. The original gray carpet was replaced to match the color of the pews, creating a harmonious and serene environment. Some of the furniture pieces were designed by Hans van der Laan himself, reflecting his commitment to cohesive and thoughtful design.
The church also houses an organ crafted by the Loncke firm, adding a rich auditory dimension to the worship experience.
The Kerk Onbevlekt Hart van Maria is more than just an architectural landmark; it is a symbol of the Wijnberg community's resilience and faith. The spacious church square, although partially built over with houses in 1998, remains a gathering place for the community, reinforcing the church's role as a central hub in Wevelgem.
Visiting the Kerk Onbevlekt Hart van Maria offers a unique opportunity to experience modernist religious architecture while connecting with the rich history and vibrant community spirit of Wevelgem. Whether you are an architecture enthusiast, a history buff, or a spiritual seeker, the Wijnberg Church is a destination that promises to inspire and captivate.
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